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	Males	Females	Total
India	218,828	14,141	232,969
Bangladesh	105,771	191	105,962
Pakistan	59,681	1,103	60,784
Philippines	10,718	16,484	27,202
Nepal	17,916	2,132	20,048
Egypt	10,002	1,690	11,692
Sri Lanka	3,773	646	4,419
Jordan	2,526	488	3,014
Yemen	2,831	115	2,946
Kenya	1,493	867	2,360
Uganda	1,864	391	2,255
Cameron	1,583	454	2,037
United Kingdom	1,450	542	1,992
Morocco	518	1,474	1,992
Thailand	499	1,344	1,843
Sudan	1,553	226	1,779
Nigeria	1,582	141	1,723
Syria	1,523	184	1,707
Ghana	1,335	251	1,586
China	860	354	1,214
Total	455,385	47,784	503,169

Source: BLMI, Labour Market Regulation Authority (LMRA)

ANNEXED NOTE

1. Technical Notes and Definitions

Data are extracted from the files submitted by Expatriate Management System (LMRA-EMS)

EMS data refer to Expat visa applications (GCC workers not included).

Data refer to foreign workers in the public and private sectors.

LMRA data do not include non-civilian employees (engaged in military, defence and other relevant entities and ranked as so).

1. From 2008 Q2 onward, “Public sector” for non-Bahraini workers refers to workers in the “Government sector” of the Expatriate Management System (EMS) of LMRA.

2. “Private Sector” for non-Bahraini workers refers to the sum of “Commercial” and “Non-Commercial, Non-Government” (NCNG) sectors of LMRA’s EMS system.

Employment as defined by the LMRA is in line with the ILO resolution concerning statistics of the economically active population, employment, unemployment and underemployment.

It includes all persons above a specific age during a specific period either in paid employment or in self-employment and includes the following:

(a) paid employment

(a1) at work: persons who during the reference period performed some work for wage or salary, in cash or in kind, even for one hour

(a2) with a job but not at work: persons who, having already worked in their present job, were temporarily not at work during the reference period and had a formal attachment to their job

(e.g., absence because of illness or injury, holiday or vacation, strike or lockout, educational or training leave, maternity or parental leave, reduction in economic activity, etc.)

(b) self employment

(b1) at work: persons who during the reference period performed some work for profit or family gain, in cash or in kind

(b2) with an enterprise but not at work: persons with an enterprise, which may be a business enterprise, a farm or a service undertaking, who were temporarily not at work during the reference period for any specific reason.

2. Institution which provides data

Labour Market Regulatory Authority (LMRA)

3. Data availability

Labour Market Regulatory Authority (LMRA), Kingdom of Bahrain, based on data from Bahrain Labour Market Indicators (https://blmi.lmra.gov.bh/2022/12/data/lmr/Table_A.xlsx).

Data are tabulated in PDF and Excel formats.

The definitions that the LMRA adopts for its data can be found in the Glossary section: (http://blmi.lmra.bh/mi_glossary.xml)

Date of access: March 2023.

GLMM and GRC cannot guarantee that the link to access the source will not change; that the information will not be removed from the website it was obtained from; that no geo-blockages will be imposed; or that the information will not be available for any another reason.

Keywords: Bahrain, Foreign Labour, Employment, Female Employment, Egypt, Jordan, Yemen, India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Philippines, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Kenya, Ethiopia, Uganda, Cameroon, United Kingdom, Morocco, Thailand, Sudan, Nigeria, Syria, Ghana, China

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