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		Public Sector			Private Sector			Domestic Workers			Total workers (all sectors)
		Bahrainis	Non-Bahrainis	Total	Bahrainis	Non-Bahrainis	Total	Bahrainis	Non-Bahrainis	Total	Bahrainis	Non-Bahrainis	Total
2018	Q1	53,977	9,865	63,842	104,399	498,941	603,340	0	103,527	103,527	158,376	612,333	770,709
	Q2	53,932	9,730	63,662	104,882	499,879	604,761	0	91,852	91,852	158,814	601,461	760,275
	Q3	53,688	9,626	63,314	104,499	497,270	601,769	0	90,160	90,160	158,187	597,056	755,243
	Q4	53,947	9,635	63,582	105,214	503,006	608,220	0	90,591	90,591	159,161	603,232	762,393
2019	Q1	49,271	9,634	58,905	104,661	501,641	606,302	0	87,742	87,742	153,932	599,017	752,949
	Q2	46,712	9,468	56,180	106,391	499,127	605,518	0	87,444	87,444	153,103	596,039	749,142
	Q3	46,130	9,328	55,458	106,782	498,291	605,073	0	87,086	87,086	152,912	594,705	747,617
	Q4	46,883	9,224	56,107	106,825	498,999	605,824	0	87,503	87,503	153,708	595,726	749,434
2020	Q1	47,435	9,183	56,618	109,311	494,485	603,796	0	88,110	88,110	156,746	591,778	748,524
	Q2	47,787	9,334	57,121	109,022	492,373	601,395	0	80,451	80,451	156,809	582,158	738,967
	Q3	47,846	9,449	57,295	106,007	468,057	574,064	0	75,408	75,408	153,853	552,914	706,767
	Q4	47,993	9,438	57,431	104,685	460,022	564,707	0	72,994	72,994	152,678	542,454	695,132
2021	Q1	47,998	9,283	57,281	105,759	457,335	563,094	0	72,996	72,996	153,757	539,614	693,371
	Q2	48,129	9,425	57,554	107,618	452,034	559,652	0	72,632	72,632	155,747	534,091	689,838
	Q3	48,246	9,286	57,532	107,532	437,434	544,966	0	71,644	71,644	155,778	518,364	674,142
	Q4	48,651	9,204	57,855	109,378	448,485	557,863	0	72,470	72,470	158,029	530,159	688,188
2022	Q1	49,093	9,110	58,203	110,607	465,248	575,855	0	73,679	73,679	159,700	548,037	707,737
	Q2	49,465	8,954	58,419	111,965	479,482	591,447	0	74,896	74,896	161,430	563,332	724,762
	Q3	49,761	8,782	58,543	111,851	489,406	601,257	0	76,254	76,254	161,612	574,442	736,054
	Q4	50,242	8,649	58,891	113,229	496,318	609,547	0	77,707	77,707	163,471	582,674	746,145

Source: BLMI, Labour Market Regulation Authority (LMRA)

ANNEXED NOTE

1. Technical Notes and Definitions

Data are extracted from the files submitted by Expatriate Management System (LMRA-EMS), General Organisation for Social Insurance (GOSI), Pension Fund Commission (PFC), and Civil Service Bureau (CSB) monthly data files to LMRA.

LMRA data do not include non-civilian employees (engaged in military, defence and other relevant entities and ranked as so).

1. From 2008 Q2 onward, “Public sector” for non-Bahraini workers refers to workers in the “Government sector” of the Expatriate Management System (EMS) of LMRA.

2. “Private Sector” for non-Bahraini workers refers to the sum of “Commercial” and “Non-Commercial, Non-Government” (NCNG) sectors of LMRA’s EMS system.

3. Male population includes persons with unrecorded sex attribute.

4. Details may not add up to totals due to rounding error. Also, data from this table may differ from totals obtained from other tables in the series (Tables A1, A2, A06, A07, A10 and A99).

5. The drop in number of domestic workers in Q2 2018 is due to data cleansing of domestic records during Q2 at LMRA

6. From the period 2019 Q1 onwards the Domestic permit counts have been reviewed to include the domestic workers holding active work permits in addition to in-progress permits issued with a residence permit. The count also includes domestic permits due for renewal that have not been terminated or cancelled by the employer.

Employment as defined by the LMRA is in line with the ILO resolution concerning statistics of the economically active population, employment, unemployment and underemployment.

It includes all persons above a specific age during a specific period either in paid employment or in self-employment and includes the following:

(a) paid employment

(a1) at work: persons who during the reference period performed some work for wage or salary, in cash or in kind, even for one hour

(a2) with a job but not at work: persons who, having already worked in their present job, were temporarily not at work during the reference period and had a formal attachment to their job

(e.g., absence because of illness or injury, holiday or vacation, strike or lockout, educational or training leave, maternity or parental leave, reduction in economic activity, etc.)

(b) self employment

(b1) at work: persons who during the reference period performed some work for profit or family gain, in cash or in kind

(b2) with an enterprise but not at work: persons with an enterprise, which may be a business enterprise, a farm or a service undertaking,

who were temporarily not at work during the reference period for any specific reason.

2. Institution which provides data

Labour Market Regulatory Authority (LMRA)

3. Data availability

Labour Market Regulatory Authority (LMRA), Kingdom of Bahrain, based on data from Bahrain Labour Market Indicators (https://blmi.lmra.gov.bh/2022/12/data/lmr/Table_A.xlsx).

Data are tabulated in PDF and Excel formats.

The definitions that the LMRA adopts for its data can be found in the Glossary section: (http://blmi.lmra.bh/mi_glossary.xml)

Date of access: March 2023.

GLMM and GRC cannot guarantee that the link to access the source will not change; that the information will not be removed from the website it was obtained from; that no geo-blockages will be imposed; or that the information will not be available for any another reason.

Keywords: Bahrain, National Labour, Foreign Labour, Employment, Domestic Workers

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