Gulf Labour Markets, Migration, and Population (GLMM) Programme

An international independent, non-partisan, non-profit programme hosted and supported by the Gulf Research Center. The programme provides data, analyses, and recommendations contributing to the improvement of understanding and management of Gulf labour migration, population, and labour markets, engaging with and respecting the viewpoints of all stakeholders.

GCC: Population by nationality (national/non-national) and five-years age group (mid-2022)

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Bahrain

Kuwait*

Oman*

Qatar

Saudi Arabia

UAE

Nationals

Non-nationals

Nationals

Non-nationals

Nationals

Non-nationals

Nationals

Non-nationals

Nationals

Non-nationals

Nationals

Non-nationals

0-4

65,093

29,936

157,547

112,124

380,154

52,093

125,565**

367,329**

2,173,955

404,204

N.A.

N.A.

5-9

74,975

29,868

169,685

147,708

404,758

58,001

2,257,680

504,637

N.A.

N.A.

10-14

71,200

23,793

172,018

144,972

315,847

47,821

2,100,003

446,411

N.A.

N.A.

15-19

64,981

17,401

151,698

108,586

235,360

35,605

29,287

63,200

1,858,245

338,455

N.A.

N.A.

20-24

57,811

46,808

131,919

106,727

216,834

156,036

33,177

205,971

1,719,492

896,490

N.A.

N.A.

25-29

58,138

89,287

131,108

326,530

232,951

309,959

28,864

272,310

1,702,262

2,043,453

N.A.

N.A.

30-34

55,082

146,641

101,582

414,153

243,388

395,413

24,956

546,644

1,529,157

2,363,675

N.A.

N.A.

35-39

49,120

150,077

109,179

527,598

225,735

376,383

23,273

377,912

1,354,051

2,110,905

N.A.

N.A.

40-44

44,122

108,247

87,741

475,239

177,060

265,098

13,918

336,756

1,077,993

1,575,884

N.A.

N.A.

45-49

37,203

73,949

74,126

357,536

123,732

162,813

18,412

157,728

785,913

1,039,267

N.A.

N.A.

50-54

32,108

48,363

63,834

257,379

81,588

103,891

12,880

143,634

653,994

734,378

N.A.

N.A.

55-59

32,450

25,995

53,545

158,005

63,740

55,424

13,396

59,089

529,004

466,215

N.A.

N.A.

60-64

27,566

12,555

40,485

76,915

55,665

26,346

11,347

32,649

390,642

257,010

N.A.

N.A.

65-69

19,517

4,762

30,264

34,811

39,879

12,536

6,445

10,651

257,136

111,323

N.A.

N.A.

70-74

11,675

1,607

18,891

15,311

28,460

4,868

3,394

5,642

155,576

49,767

N.A.

N.A.

75-79

6,092

681

12,264

7,291

18,887

2,214

3,925

3,887

110,571

20,921

N.A.

N.A.

80-84

4,064

361

11,190

5,607

23,573

1,738

136,588

19,967

N.A.

N.A.

85+

2,814

351

N.A.

N.A.

Total

714,011

810,682

1,517,076

3,276,492

2,867,611

2,066,239

348,839

2,583,402

18,792,262

13,382,962

N.A.

N.A.

Source: National institutes of statistics

1- Definition:

Non-nationals are:

1- persons bearing nationality of a foreign State other than the GCC State of residence, or bearing no proof of nationality from any given state (stateless persons and holders of refugee status and travel document in a third country);

2- Holders of residence permit residing in the given GCC country at date of census, as per definition of residence used in each of the countries.

N.A: Not Available

*: end of year data.

**: GLMM estimates, based on available data from Qatari official statistical sources.

2- Sources of data:

(1) Bahrain: mid-year estimates of Bahrain’s total resident population (nationals and non-nationals) by age group, based on the results of census 2020.

Source: administrative records (central Population Register)

IGA’s Bahrain Open Data Portal:

https://bahrain.opendatasoft.com/pages/homepage/

https://bahrain.opendatasoft.com/explore/?sort=modified&refine.theme=Population

(2) Kuwait: Estimates based on census 2021 as a base year.

The Kuwaiti population for following years is estimated using natural increase figures (births – deaths) and number of naturalised non-nationals during the year. The non-Kuwaiti population is estimated based on natural increase figures (births – deaths) and net migration (entries – exits).

Source of the births and deaths data (vital statistics records): The Public Authority for Civil Information (PACI).

Source of data on arrivals and departures: Ministry of Interior.

CSB website, “Population Estimates” section, “Population Estimates in Kuwait by Age, Nationality and Sex at 1-1-2023” https://www.csb.gov.kw/Pages/Statistics_en?ID=67&ParentCatID=1

(3) Oman: Period of reference: 31/12.

Source of the data: data updated from e-census 2020; based on vital statistics (births and deaths) produced by the Ministry of Health (MOH), and National Registration System (Royal Oman Police).

The civil registration records all Omani and expatriate residents. It is based on the civil status system and is maintained by the General Directorate of Civil Status, a part of the Royal Oman Police.

Since 2004, registration of all vital events taking place in the Sultanate (births, death, marriages and divorces) in the civil register is mandatory for Omanis and foreign residents of the Sultanate.

E-census 2020:

Population data and statistics: methodology explained in publication “Electronic Census System for the E-Census for Population, Residences & Establishments 2020”, especially pp. 15-16; 19-20 https://portal.ecensus.gov.om/ecen-portal/indicators/83/viewer

Portal of e-census 2020 and data updates for December 2021 and 2022:

https://portal.ecensus.gov.om/ecen-portal /

Data retrieved from e-census portal, datasets building tool:

https://portal.ecensus.gov.om/ecen-portal/indicators/261/viewer

(4) Qatar: Disaggregated figures of the total Qatari and non-Qatari populations in Qatar are not readily available in any published source.

The numbers of Qataris and non-Qataris in age group 0-14 are GLMM’s estimates, using:

a. The Annual Bulletin of the Labour Force Survey 2022

https://www.psa.gov.qa/en/statistics/Statistical%20Releases/Social/LaborForce/2022/Bulletin_labor_force_2022.xlsx

which gives:

1. the numbers of Qataris and non-Qataris aged 15 and above by sex and five-years age group for 2022.

2. The total resident population in Qatar by sex (not disaggregated by nationality).

b. Qatar Planning and Statistics Authority. Woman and Man in the State of Qatar-A Statistical Profile, 2022,

https://www.psa.gov.qa/en/statistics/Statistical%20Releases/Social/GenrealSocialStatistics/MenWomenProfile/2022/Woman_Man_2022_EN.pdf

which gives:

  1. the percentage distribution of population by broad age group (0-14; 15-64; 65+) for mid-2021, by sex and nationality (last available data on total national and foreign populations’ age structure, as of April 2024).

The two sources were used to estimate the total population by sex and nationality, and the numbers of Qataris and non-Qataris in age group 0-14.

(5) Saudi Arabia: Source of data: Saudi census 2022

The 2022 census used a combined methodology – administrative records, fieldwork and digital self-enumeration.

Population data for 2010-22 were revised and backcasted, based on 2022 population census and past years’ administrative data.

Technical note on backcasting:

https://portal.saudicensus.sa/static-assets/media/content/20230529_Back-Casting%20Methodology.pdf?crafterSite=gastat-portal

The table was retrieved from the Saudi census portal on GAStat website:

https://portal.saudicensus.sa/portal

“Population” section, then “data tables”-

https://portal.saudicensus.sa/portal/public/1/15?type=TABLE

Selected, pre-set tables can be downloaded from the thematic section.

(6) UAE: Figures of UAE population disaggregated by age group and nationality are unavailable in published sources, as of April 2024.

Data needed to indirectly estimate the UAE population by nationality are also unavailable for 2022.

For estimates relevant to earlier years, please visit GLMM’s database:

https://gulfmigration.grc.net/glmm-database/demographic-and-economic-module/

Last date of access: April 2024.

GLMM and GRC cannot guarantee that the link to access the source will not change; that the information will not be removed from the website it was obtained from; that no geo-blockages will be imposed; or that the information will not be available for any another reason.

Keywords: Bahrain, Oman, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Foreign & National Populations

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