Public Sector*			Private Sector						Domestic sector			Other***			Total employed
				Private business sector**			Agricultural sector
	Saudis	non-Saudis	Total	Saudis	non-Saudis	Total	Saudis	non-Saudis	Total	Saudis	non-Saudis	Total	Saudis	non-Saudis	Total	Saudis	non-Saudis	Total
2016 Q2	69.0	3.4	31.5	30.7	74.4	55.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21.7	12.4	0.3	0.6	0.4	N.A.	N.A.	N.A.
2016 Q3	69.6	2.7	29.8	30.1	83.9	62.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13.1	7.8	0.3	0.3	0.3	N.A.	N.A.	N.A.
2016 Q4	68.8	3.2	29.6	30.7	78.7	59.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17.6	10.5	0.5	0.5	0.4	N.A.	N.A.	N.A.
2017 Q1	69.7	3.9	29.8	29.9	79.0	59.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16.8	10.2	0.4	0.3	0.4	3,038,945	10,850,192	13,889,137
2017 Q2	71.4	4.0	31.0	28.3	81.5	60.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14.1	8.4	0.2	0.4	0.3	3,052,449	10,788,709	13,841,158
2017 Q3	70.7	2.6	29.7	28.9	80.5	60.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16.5	9.9	0.3	0.4	0.4	3,063,744	10,694,320	13,758,064
2017 Q4	70.3	3.7	30.5	29.3	78.9	58.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16.9	10.1	0.4	0.5	0.5	3,163,846	10,417,295	13,581,141
2018 Q1	69.3	3.4	29.9	30.4	78.8	59.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17.4	10.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	3,150,409	10,183,104	13,333,513
2018 Q2	70.7	3.5	30.2	28.9	77.0	57.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19.2	11.5	0.4	0.4	0.4	3,125,343	9,892,723	13,018,066
2018 Q3	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	3,109,987	9,578,055	12,688,042
2018 Q4	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	3,111,199	9,429,419	12,540,618
2019 Q1	65.5	3.7	28.4	34.0	76.7	59.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19.0	11.4	0.4	0.6	0.6	3,112,029	9,653,212	12,765,241
2019 Q2	64.2	3.8	28.7	35.5	77.3	60.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18.4	10.8	0.3	0.5	0.5	3,090,248	9,766,784	12,857,032
2019 Q3	62.1	2.9	27.5	37.6	78.3	61.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18.5	10.8	0.3	0.4	0.3	3,100,812	9,827,096	12,927,908
2019 Q4	61.6	3.2	28.0	38.0	75.9	59.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20.4	11.8	0.3	0.4	0.4	3,170,272	10,220,703	13,390,975
2020 Q1	60.0	2.9	27.3	39.7	76.8	61.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19.9	11.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	3,203,423	10,432,189	13,635,612
2020 Q2	59.3	4.3	28.6	40.4	70.9	57.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24.5	13.7	0.2	0.3	0.3	3,171,422	10,459,032	13,630,454
2020 Q3	59.1	4.8	28.9	40.7	70.7	57.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24.2	13.5	0.2	0.3	0.2	3,253,276	10,201,862	13,455,138
2020 Q4	54.0	4.7	27.3	45.8	71.4	59.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23.6	12.8	0.2	0.3	0.2	3,252,198	10,066,500	13,318,698
2021 Q1	53.8	4.1	26.2	44.0	58.9	52.3	1.7	2.6	2.2	0.0	33.9	18.9	0.5	0.5	0.5	3,306,598	10,177,215	13,483,813
2021 Q2	54.8	3.8	26.6	43.4	60.8	53.0	1.0	2.3	1.7	0.0	32.5	18.0	0.8	0.7	0.7	3,280,014	9,619,874	12,899,888
2021 Q3	53.3	5.7	27.1	44.1	59.0	52.3	1.7	2.3	2.0	0.0	32.4	17.8	0.8	0.6	0.7	3,342,838	9,362,807	12,705,645
2021 Q4	52.8	4.1	26.7	45.2	65.0	55.8	1.4	2.8	2.2	0.0	27.5	14.7	0.7	0.5	0.7	3,450,057	9,595,181	13,045,238
2022 Q1	53.9	4.0	27.1	44.6	64.5	55.3	1.2	2.5	1.9	0.0	28.5	15.3	0.4	0.5	0.3	3,571,876	10,158,773	13,730,649
2022 Q2	52.5	3.6	27.2	45.8	67.4	56.9	1.3	2.6	2.0	0.0	26.2	13.5	0.5	0.2	0.3	3,638,144	10,531,619	14,169,763
2022 Q3	51.7	3.9	27.0	46.7	66.3	56.8	1.3	2.9	2.1	0.0	26.5	13.7	0.3	0.4	0.3	3,692,486	10,898,457	14,590,943
2022 Q4	53.1	4.3	28.1	45.3	69.3	57.6	1.3	2.3	1.8	0.0	23.7	12.1	0.3	0.4	0.5	3,770,631	10,987,727	14,758,358
2023 Q1	52.6	3.7	27.4	45.5	65.8	55.9	1.5	2.3	1.9	0.0	27.7	14.2	0.4	0.6	0.4	3,870,481	11,492,891	15,363,372
2023 Q2	52.1	3.7	27.2	45.9	67.1	56.8	1.4	3.0	2.2	0.0	25.7	13.2	0.6	0.5	0.6	3,857,097	11,597,971	15,455,068

Source: Labour Market Statistics, Statistical Database, General Authority for Statistics (GAStat)

1. Data collection methodology and definitions used

* Public sector: government, institution or company wholly owned by the government

**Private business sector or an activity owned by the individual (non-agricultural)

***Other: Non-profit organizations (non-profit organizations, non-governmental organizations, mosques); international organisations, other and unspecified employment sector.

LFS were first conducted in 2001 and became bi-annual after 2006. Data were collected through nationally representative household sample surveys, which sampling was based on most recent censuses.

Since 2016, Labour Force Surveys have been conducted and published on a quarterly basis, based on the following sources:

1. Household telephone surveys conducted by GAStat.

2. Employment data extracted from administrative records, introduced as a complement to the results of Labour Force Surveys in Labour Market Statistics’ publications, starting on Q1 2017.

Types of data by source:

1. Household Telephone Surveys:

Estimates of labor force, unemployed individuals, and indicators of labor force.

2. Administrative records:

– Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development (MHRSD)

(formerly Ministry of Labour and Social Development):

Supplies data on:

Government sector’s workers and private sector visas.

– General Organization of Social Insurance (GOSI):

Supplies data on:

a. contributors on the job who are subject to social insurance laws and regulations in the private and government sectors;

b. workers who terminated their contribution to social insurance during the quarter.

– National Information Center (NIC):

Supplies data on:

a. job seekers in the public and private sectors from the data of (Jadara and Sa’ed) in the MHRSD, at (Taqat) portal of the HRDF;

b. government sector and individuals’ visas;

c. numbers of domestic workers.

Figures of workers in Labor Market statistics which were derived from administrative records do not include the following categories:

1-Workers in the military and security sectors;

2- Workers who are not registered in the civil service and social insurance records, which include:

– Saudis working for their own businesses and are not subjected to the labor regulations, also, not registered in social insurance, such as those who work in delivery through electronic apps;

– Saudi employers who work in establishments and not registered in the social insurance;

– Non-Saudi staff working in foreign international, political or military missions.

3- Non-Saudi employees who come to the Kingdom for work that normally takes less than three months to be completed.

Definitions and categories used by GAStat in Labour Markets Statistics (employment; unemployment; occupation and activity sectors, etc.) are based on international standards.

For LFS methodology and definitions, see:

https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/node/9787

https://database.stats.gov.sa/Methodologies/En_Documents/03_Labor%20Market%20Bulletin%20Methodology,%20Fourth%20Quarter%202020%20_%20General%20Authority%20for%20Statistics.pdf

2. Institution which provides data

General Authority for Statistics (GAStat)

3. Data availability

The percent time series were taken from GAStat’s statistical database:

Report Link:

https://database.stats.gov.sa/home/report/239

The numerical time-series (total employed) was taken from the Register-based Labour Market Statistics- Q4, 2022 (English and Arabic versions):

https://www.stats.gov.sa/sites/default/files/LMS_2022_Q4_EN_1.xlsx

https://www.stats.gov.sa/sites/default/files/LMS_2022_Q4_AR_1.xlsx

and from relevant quarterly Register-based Labour Market Statistics reports for 2023, accessible from:

https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/814

https://www.stats.gov.sa/ar/814

Date of access: 30 March 2024.

Keywords: Employment, Female Employment, Saudi Arabia, National & Foreign Labour; Domestic Workers

GLMM and GRC cannot guarantee that the link to access the source will not change; that the information will not be removed from the website it was obtained from; that no geo-blockages will be imposed; or that the information will not be available for any another reason.

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